![]() It is authorized for use at some level in the majority of countries. In December 2020, the United Kingdom was the first country to authorize its use on an emergency basis. The vaccine is the first COVID‑19 vaccine to be authorized by a stringent regulatory authority for emergency use and the first cleared for regular use. Reports of serious side effects, such as allergic reactions, are very rare and no long-term complications have been reported. The most common include mild to moderate pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headaches. Most side effects are mild to moderate in severity and are gone within a few days. An interim analysis of study data showed a potential efficacy of 91.3% in preventing symptomatic infection within seven days of a second dose and no serious safety concerns. Ĭlinical trials began in April 2020 by November 2020, the vaccine entered phase III clinical trials, with over 40,000 people participating. Initial advice indicated that vaccination required two doses given 21 days apart, but the interval was later extended to up to 42 days in the US, and up to four months in Canada. It is composed of nucleoside-modified mRNA (modRNA) encoding a mutated form of the full-length spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which is encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. The vaccine is given by intramuscular injection. It is authorized for use in people to provide protection against COVID-19, caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. For its development, BioNTech collaborated with American company Pfizer to carry out clinical trials, logistics, and manufacturing. The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine ( INN: tozinameran), sold under the brand name Comirnaty, is an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine developed by the German biotechnology company BioNTech.
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